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<main>
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<h1 id="imperative-vs-declarative"><a class="header" href="#imperative-vs-declarative">Imperative vs Declarative</a></h1>
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<p>vmctl supports two workflows for managing VMs.</p>
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<h2 id="imperative"><a class="header" href="#imperative">Imperative</a></h2>
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<p>Use individual commands to create, configure, and manage VMs step by step:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-bash">vmctl create --name myvm --image-url https://example.com/image.img --vcpus 2 --memory 2048 --start
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vmctl ssh myvm
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vmctl stop myvm
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vmctl destroy myvm
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</code></pre>
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<p>This is useful for:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Quick one-off VMs</li>
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<li>Experimenting with different images</li>
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<li>Scripting custom workflows</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="declarative"><a class="header" href="#declarative">Declarative</a></h2>
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<p>Define your VMs in a <code>VMFile.kdl</code> and let vmctl converge to the desired state:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-kdl">vm "myvm" {
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image-url "https://example.com/image.img"
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vcpus 2
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memory 2048
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cloud-init {
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hostname "myvm"
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}
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ssh {
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user "ubuntu"
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}
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provision "shell" {
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inline "echo hello"
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<pre><code class="language-bash">vmctl up # create + start + provision
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vmctl down # stop
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vmctl reload # destroy + recreate + provision
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vmctl provision # re-run provisioners only
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</code></pre>
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<p>This is useful for:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Reproducible development environments</li>
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<li>Multi-VM setups</li>
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<li>Checked-in VM definitions alongside your project</li>
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<li>Complex provisioning workflows</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="when-to-use-which"><a class="header" href="#when-to-use-which">When to Use Which</a></h2>
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<div class="table-wrapper"><table><thead><tr><th>Scenario</th><th>Approach</th></tr></thead><tbody>
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<tr><td>"I need a quick VM to test something"</td><td>Imperative</td></tr>
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<tr><td>"My project needs a build VM with specific packages"</td><td>Declarative</td></tr>
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<tr><td>"I want to script VM lifecycle in CI"</td><td>Either, depending on complexity</td></tr>
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<tr><td>"Multiple VMs that work together"</td><td>Declarative</td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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